Tikuna: An Ethereum Blockchain Network Security Monitoring System

Blockchain security is becoming increasingly relevant in today's cyberspace as it extends its influence in many industries. This paper focuses on protecting the lowest level layer in the blockchain, particularly the P2P network that allows the nodes to communicate and share information. The P2P network layer may be vulnerable to several families of attacks, such as Distributed Denial of Service (DDoS), eclipse attacks, or Sybil attacks. This layer is prone to threats inherited from traditional P2P networks, and it must be analyzed and understood by collecting data and extracting insights from the network behavior to reduce those risks. We introduce Tikuna, an open-source tool for monitoring and detecting potential attacks on the Ethereum blockchain P2P network, at an early stage. Tikuna employs an unsupervised Long Short-Term Memory (LSTM) method based on Recurrent Neural Network (RNN) to detect attacks and alert users. Empirical results indicate that the proposed approach significantly improves detection performance, with the ability to detect and classify attacks, including eclipse attacks, Covert Flash attacks, and others that target the Ethereum blockchain P2P network layer, with high accuracy. Our research findings demonstrate that Tikuna is a valuable security tool for assisting operators to efficiently monitor and safeguard the status of Ethereum validators and the wider P2P networkComment: 15 pages, 2 figures, submitted to ISPEC 2023 Conferenc

Screening of TNFalpha, IL-10 and TLR4 single nucleotide polymorphisms in individuals with asymptomatic and chronic cutaneous leishmaniasis in Colombia: a pilot study

BACKGROUND: Clinical manifestations of cutaneous leishmaniasis (CL) caused by Leishmania (Viannia) range from asymptomatic infection to self-limited, or chronic (non-healing) cutaneous lesions. Given the critical role of the immune response in the clinical outcome of CL, it is plausible that functional polymorphisms in immune-related genes contribute to define the clinical manifestations of human infection. METHODS: DNA samples from a retrospective cohort of individuals from an endemic area of L. V. panamensis transmission in Colombia were used to determine the frequency of SNPs in TNFalpha, IL-10 and TLR4 genes. DNA samples were obtained from 74 adult participants: 38 patients presenting chronic cutaneous leishmaniasis (CCL) and 36 individuals with asymptomatic infection. Genotyping of TNFalpha-308G/A, IL-10-819C/T, and TLR4 Asp299Gly and Thr399Ile SNPs, was conducted by PCR-restriction fragment length polymorphisms. Allele, genotype frequencies and associations between SNPs and clinical groups were evaluated. RESULTS: The A allele in TNFalpha-308G/A SNP was found more frequently in individuals with asymptomatic infection (16% vs 7%), whereas the CC genotype in IL-10-819 C/T SNP was more frequent in patients with CCL (34% vs. 27% in asymptomatic individuals). No differences in allele frequencies for TLR4 SNPs were found among groups. CONCLUSION: This study provides a reference base for statistical power calculation and design of association studies of genetic polymorphisms in immune response related-genes and the pathogenesis of infections caused by L. V. panamensis

Importancia de la Responsabilidad Social y Empresarial para el Aprovechamiento de los Residuos en la Elaboración de Estructuras Metálicas

En esta actividad final se consolida los procesos de aprendizajes que han generado en cada una de las guías de trabajo establecidas de esta forma se implementaran las estrategias dadas a conocer por los punto expuestos por la escuela de ciencias económicas y contables, en las guías y sus actividades, el grupo de trabajo 23 ha seleccionado una micro empresa, para la construcción que tiene como nombre soluciones mecánicas técnicas y diseño sas, la cual busca una mayor penetración en el mercado aprovechando la aceptación que se tiene en el medio de la construcción generando métodos innovadores en el área de estructuras metálicas con el fin de generar cumplimiento en los procesos y normas que hacen referencia a la responsabilidad social y empresarial. Ahora bien, esto permite tener en conocimiento exacto que se requiere para la elaboración de un proyecto que cumpla con las características idóneas requeridas para presentar este trabajo con proyecto final de graduación, es importante destacar que cada una de las actividades desarrolladas permitió el consolidado éxito de la actividad unidad 9 y 10 fase 5. Desde el principio del diplomado se buscó en consolidado de los ítems que hacen referente a la responsabilidad social y empresarial.In this final activity, the learning processes that have been generated in each of the established work guides are consolidated. In this way, the strategies made known by the points presented by the national open and distance university in the activity guides will be implemented, the working group 23 has selected a micro company, for construction whose name is technical mechanical solutions and design sas, which seeks greater penetration in the market taking advantage of the acceptance that exists in the construction environment, generating innovative methods in the area of metal structures in order to generate compliance in the processes and standards that refer to social and business responsibility. Now, this allows us to have exact knowledge of what is required for the development of a project that meets the ideal characteristics required to present this work with a final graduation project. It is important to highlight that each of the activities developed allowed the consolidated success of the activity unit 9 and 10 phase 5. From the beginning of the diploma, a consolidated search was made for the items that refer to social and business responsibility

Responsabilidad Social y Ciudadanía: Una perspectiva desde la universidad y la administración pública

La importancia de los estudios sobre ciudadanía se vincula con la imperiosa necesidad de fortalecer la democracia en todos aquellos espacios donde se manifiesta, principalmente en países como México, donde la falta de credibilidad en las instituciones democráticas ha permeado a la sociedad.Los desafíos contemporáneos requieren nuevos ajustes en diversos sentidos; al interior de las organizaciones es necesario adecuar los mecanismos con que interactúan frente a la sociedad en la que se desarrollan. Es requisito indispensable que el grueso de las organizaciones sociales se vinculen de manera directa con los problemas globales y nacionales: cambio climático, guerras, exigencias democráticas, movimientos sociales, pobreza, desempleo, inestabilidades políticas etc., ello les exige que se asuman como parte del complejo social, donde sus acciones repercuten de forma directa o indirecta

Forest Health in the Southern Cone of America: State of the Art and Perspectives on Regional Efforts

The plantation and natural forests of South America have been highly impacted by native and exotic pests in recent decades. The interaction of emerging invasive pests, climate change, and timber markets will define the region’s forests, with significant but uncertain ecological changes and economic losses expected. The Southern Cone Forest Health Group (SCFHG), a joint ad hoc initiative run by forest health professionals from Argentina, Brazil, Chile, and Uruguay, aims to strengthen relationships between the forestry industry, stakeholders, academia, and government agencies across the region. Here, we highlight regional strengths, weaknesses, threats, and opportunities to address forest health issues in the region. A regional approach with a strong communication network is relevant for future actions. In the current global scenario of invasive species and climate change, the implementation of practices that incorporate the resilience of forest ecosystems and sustainable management needs to be prioritized in forest policy across the region. Understanding that pests and pathogens do not recognize borders, we call on governments and organizations to support joint actions with agreements and adequate resources to enhance our regional capabilities.Estación Experimental Agropecuaria BarilocheFil: Villacide, Jose Maria. Instituto Nacional de Tecnologia Agropecuaria (INTA). Estacion Experimental Agropecuaria Bariloche. Area de Recursos Forestales. Grupo de Ecologia de Poblaciones de Insectos; ArgentinaFil: Villacide, Jose Maria. Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Cientificas y Tecnicas. Instituto de Investigaciones Forestales y Agropecuarias Bariloche; ArgentinaFil: Gomez, Demian F. Texas A&M Forest Service; Estados UnidosFil: Perez, Carlos Alberto. Universidad de la República Paysandú. Facultad de Agronomia; UruguayFil: Corley, Juan Carlos. Instituto Nacional de Tecnologia Agropecuaria (INTA). Estacion Experimental Agropecuaria Bariloche. Area de Recursos Forestales. Grupo de Ecologia de Poblaciones de Insectos; ArgentinaFil: Corley, Juan Carlos. Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Cientificas y Tecnicas. Instituto de Investigaciones Forestales y Agropecuarias Bariloche; ArgentinaFil: Corley, Juan Carlos. Universidad Nacional del Comahue. Centro Regional Universitario Bariloche. Departamento de Ecologia; ArgentinaFil: Ahumada, Rodrigo. Bioforest S.A. División de Silvicultura y Sanidad; ChileFil: Rodrigues Barbosa, Leonardo. Embrapa Florestas. Empresa Brasileira de Pesquisa Agropecuária; BrasilFil: Furtado, Edson Luiz. Universidade Estadual Paulista. Faculdade de Ciências Agronômicas Botucatu. Departamento de Proteção Vegetal; BrasilFil: Gonzalez, Andres. Universidad de la Republica. Facultad de Quimica; UruguayFil: Ramirez, Nazaret. Área Productividad de las Plantaciones. I&D.Montes del Plata; UruguayFil: Balmelli, Gustavo. Instituto Nacional de Investigacion Agropecuaria. Sistema Forestal; UruguayFil: Dias de Souza, Caroline. Instituto de Pesquisas e Estudos Florestais. Programa Cooperativo Sobre Proteção Florestal; BrasilFil: Martinez, Gonzalo. Instituto Nacional de Investigacion Agropecuaria. Sistema Forestal; Urugua

Contribution of common and rare variants to bipolar disorder susceptibility in extended pedigrees from population isolates.

Current evidence from case/control studies indicates that genetic risk for psychiatric disorders derives primarily from numerous common variants, each with a small phenotypic impact. The literature describing apparent segregation of bipolar disorder (BP) in numerous multigenerational pedigrees suggests that, in such families, large-effect inherited variants might play a greater role. To identify roles of rare and common variants on BP, we conducted genetic analyses in 26 Colombia and Costa Rica pedigrees ascertained for bipolar disorder 1 (BP1), the most severe and heritable form of BP. In these pedigrees, we performed microarray SNP genotyping of 838 individuals and high-coverage whole-genome sequencing of 449 individuals. We compared polygenic risk scores (PRS), estimated using the latest BP1 genome-wide association study (GWAS) summary statistics, between BP1 individuals and related controls. We also evaluated whether BP1 individuals had a higher burden of rare deleterious single-nucleotide variants (SNVs) and rare copy number variants (CNVs) in a set of genes related to BP1. We found that compared with unaffected relatives, BP1 individuals had higher PRS estimated from BP1 GWAS statistics (P = 0.001 ~ 0.007) and displayed modest increase in burdens of rare deleterious SNVs (P = 0.047) and rare CNVs (P = 0.002 ~ 0.033) in genes related to BP1. We did not observe rare variants segregating in the pedigrees. These results suggest that small-to-moderate effect rare and common variants are more likely to contribute to BP1 risk in these extended pedigrees than a few large-effect rare variants

ECLIM-SEHOP, a new platform to set up and develop international academic clinical trials for childhood cancer and blood disorders in Spain

Introduction: Cancer and blood disorders in children are rare. The progressive improvement in survival over the last decades largely relies on the development of international academic clinical trials that gather the sufcient number of patients globally to elaborate solid conclusions and drive changes in clinical practice. The participation of Spain into large international academic trials has traditionally lagged behind of other European countries, mainly due to the burden of administrative tasks to open new studies, lack of fnancial support and limited research infrastructure in our hospitals. Methods: The objective of ECLIM-SEHOP platform (Ensayos Clínicos Internacionales Multicéntricos-SEHOP) is to overcome these difculties and position Spain among the European countries leading the advances in cancer and blood disorders, facilitate the access of our patients to novel diagnostic and therapeutic approaches and, most importantly, continue to improve survival and reducing long-term sequelae. ECLIM-SEHOP provides to the Spanish clinical investigators with the necessary infrastructural support to open and implement academic clinical trials and registries. Results: In less than 3 years from its inception, the platform has provided support to 20 clinical trials and 8 observational studies, including 8 trials and 4 observational studies where the platform performs all trial-related tasks (integral support: trial setup, monitoring, etc.) with more than 150 patients recruited since 2017 to these studies. In this manuscript, we provide baseline metrics for academic clinical trial performance that permit future comparisons. Conclusions: ECLIM-SEHOP facilitates Spanish children and adolescents diagnosed with cancer and blood disorders to access state-of-the-art diagnostic and therapeutic strategies

Ciencias de la Biología y Agronomía

Este volumen I contiene 17 capítulos arbitrados que se ocupan de estos asuntos en Tópicos Selectos de Ciencias de la Biología y Agronomía, elegidos de entre las contribuciones, reunimos algunos investigadores y estudiantes. Se presenta un Estudio Comparativo de los Recursos Hidrológico-Forestales de la Microcuenca de la Laguna de Epatlan, Pue. (1993 a 2014); la Situación Actual de la Mancha de Asfalto en Maíz (Zea mays L.) en los Municipios de Jiquipilas y Ocozocoautla, Chiapas, México; las poblaciones sobresalientes de maíz de la raza Zapalote Chico, en la Región Istmeña de Oaxaca; Se indica el índice de área foliar de cultivo de Chile Poblano mediante dos métodos en condiciones protegidas; Esquivel, Urzúa y Ramírez exploran el efecto de la biofertilización con Azospirillum en el crecimiento y producción de Jitomate; esbozan su artículo sobre la determinación del nivel de Heterosis en híbridos de Maíz para la Comarca Lagunera; una investigación sobre la estabilización de semilla de Solanum lycopersicum durante el almacenamiento y estimulación de la germinación; acotan sobre el CTAB como una nueva opción para la detección de Huanglongbing en cítricos, plantean su evaluación sobre el aluminio y cómo afecta la vida de florero de Heliconia psittacorum; indican sobre el impacto del H-564C, como un híbrido de maíz con alta calidad de proteina para el trópico húmedo de México; presetan su investigación sobre la producción de Piña Cayena Lisa y MD2 (Ananas comosus L.) en condiciones de Loma Bonita, en Oaxaca; acotan sobre el efecto de coberteras como control biológico por conservación contra áfidos en Nogal Pecanero; esbozan sobre la caracterización de cuatro genotipos de Frijol Negro en Martínez de la Torre, Veracruz, México; presentan una caracterización hidroecológica de la microcuenca de Arroyo Prieto, Yuriría, Gto., y alternativas para su restauración ambiental; presentan su investigación sobre el efecto del hongo Beauveria bassiana sobre solubilización de fosfatos y la disponibilidad de fósforo en el suelo; plantean su investigación sobre la Germinación y regeneración in vitro de Epidendrum falcatum LINDL; esbozan su artículo sobre genotipos de frijol negro y su tolerancia a sequía terminal en Veracruz, México

Comparación plan de estudios programa administración de empresas Uniminuto y Columbus State University

Realizar comparaciones entre los modelos educativos enfocándonos en las asignaturas que se enseñan a los estudiantes de la Corporación Universitaria Minuto de Dios y Columbus State University (CSU), es un proceso que se inicia con el conocimiento de la malla curricular de las dos Universidades para intentar así, identificar cuáles serían las asignaturas con mayor similitud en Columbus, sin embargo los enfoques que se manejan son diferentes, teniendo en cuenta que la demanda y población a la cual se dirigen, por razones económicas, condiciones sociales y características de los estudiantes, como también el mercado laboral que ofrece el entorno